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A Systematic Review of The Evolution of Human Monkeypox

Expiry Date
: 31/01/2027
CPD Units
: 3.00 Points
Rating
: Not yet rated.

Monkeypox, a zoonotic disease caused by an orthopoxvirus, results in a smallpox-like disease in humans and has recently been in the news again.

Keywords: Monkeypox, epidemiology, zoonosis

Reading material:

Educational Objectives

Educational Aim:
The aim of this article is to provide information on monkeypox which is gradually evolving to become of global relevance. Surveillance and detection programs are important tools for understanding the continuously changing epidemiology of this re-emerging disease.

Editor's comments:
Since May 2022, monkeypox has been reported in more than 4,000 individuals from several European countries, the USA, Canada, Australia, Morocco and the United Arab Emirates. This is the first multi-country outbreak of monkeypox and is already the largest outbreak of monkeypox recorded. The National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD), South Africa, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, confirmed that a second case of monkeypox has been identified through laboratory testing at the NICD on Tuesday, 28 June 2022. The virus is not highly transmissible and close physical contact is required for transmission. As per WHO recommendations, the NICD continues increasing vigilance for cases with contact tracing and monitoring of laboratory-confirmed cases.

Educational Outcomes:
Upon completion of this module practitioners should have a clear understanding of:

  1. The escalation of monkeypox cases, and notable spread to many countries. These findings may be related to the cessation of smallpox vaccination, which provided some cross-protection against monkeypox, leading to increased human-to-human transmission.

Instructions for this Module

  • Read the supplied reading material and complete the quiz that follows;
  • You have three attempts to pass the quiz;
  • The pass grade is 70%;
  • You need to pass the quiz to claim your CPD certificate;
  • Please click on the CPD certificate link below to claim your CPD certificate and to update your CPD Manager.

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